In-Class+Notes

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__**O The Homeric Question? - - -**__ **Did Homer compose the Oddyssey or did he compile it from other works?** __**d**__ __**y**__ __**s**__ __**s**__ __**e**__ __**y**__ **b** **y** **H** **o** **m** **e** **r** **,**

Odyssey - An Odyssey is a series of adventurous journeys usually marked by many changes in fortunes.

The Odyssey - An epic tale of a hero’s return to find at home a situation more dangerous than anything he faced in the plains of Troy or in his wanderings over uncharted seas. In-media-res book.

In-Media-Res - A book which starts in the middle (present) goes back to the beginning (past) and follows through the middle (present) and end (future).

Epic Poem - A long narrative poem telling of a hero’s deeds.

Trojan War - 1184 - 1174 B.C. (10 Years).

The Iliad by Homer - Written about the Trojan War.

Trojan Horse - A model horse used to trick the Trojan’s into thinking they won the War. After the celebration, Greeks jumped out of the horse and ransacked the city, effectively winning the war. **Names of** __**The Odyssey**__

Helen of Troy - “The face that launched a thousand ships” ~ most beautiful woman on Earth at the time.

Menelaus - King of Sparta ~ husband of Helen of Troy.

Agamemnon - Menelaus’ brother, King of Mycenae.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Clytemnestra - Wife of Agamemnon, sister of Helen of Troy. Kills Agamemnon with Aegisthus.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Orestes - son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra. Takes revenge for Agamemnon’s death and kills Clytemnestra and Aegisthus.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Aegisthus - Agamemnon’s cousin. Had an affair with Clytemnestra. Kills Agamemnon with Clytemnestra.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Odysseus - King of Ithica, hero of __The Odyssey.__

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Penelope - Wife of Odysseus.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Telemachus - Son of Odysseus and Penelope.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Achilles - Invincible, except for heel, “Achille’s Heel”. Fights with Odysseus.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">__**Day 2**__

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Dactylic - Greek for “finger-like”. It means the basic unit of each line is in the form or vv, where  represents a metrically long syllable, v a short syllable. (it is called dactylic because it is like our finger, one long joint followed by two short ones.)

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Hexameter - Hexameter tells us that a line is made up of 6 dactyls. Like this:

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">vv/ vv/ vv/ vv/

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Where as Iambic Pentameter looks like this:

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">U / U / U / U / U /

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Homer

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Born circa 700 B.C.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Poets are said to be blind because they can look into the future, just not the present. Homer was said to be blind.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Singers

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Singers memorized (roughly) the lines of Homer’s __The Oddyssey__, which were passed down orally. They did not memorize word for word

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">__**Day 3**__ <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Formula - a stock adjective or phrase which is repeated over and over to join scenes, set the stage, change speakers, and describe regular occurrences. <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Ex. - rosy-fingered dawn

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Epithet - a long, high-sounding label which accompanies every appearance of a herom a place, or even a familiar object. <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Ex. Odysseus - much-enduring, man of many schemes, god-like, great-hearted <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Ships - hollow, swift, well-benched, well-oared

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">The Homeric Question? - composed or compiled?

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Most experts believe he composed, or wrote, the Oddyssey rather than compile, or put together from many other people’s work.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EPIC POEM ~ FIRST QUIZ QUESTION!!!!!!** <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Epic Hero - central figure of the poem <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Vast Setting - setting covers a huge area <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Deeds of Great Valor <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Supernatural forces intervene and interfere <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Elevated but Simple Style <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Epic Poet is objective in reporting the events; he does not hide faults and mistakes. <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Invocation to the Muse - prayer for inspiration begins the poem <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">In media res - <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Catalog of Warriors. Ships, Arms, Men, etc. <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Formal, Lengthy Speeches Made by Main Characters <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Epic Similes - (Homeric Simile)

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**Books 1-4 are the Telemachy: 4 reasons ~ THIS WILL BE ON A QUIZ** <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">1.Enables Homer to set the stage for the return of Oddysseus <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">2.Introduces the Main Characters for the Final Scenes <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">-Athena <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">-Telemachus <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">-Penelope <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">-Eurycleia <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">-Antinous <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">-Eurymachus <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">-Other minor characters

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">3.Allows reader to see Telemachus’ progress under athena’s guidance from the sky.4.Contrasts the return of heroes whose homecomings differ so greatly from Oddysseus’ findings in Ithica

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">-Nestor and his sons <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">-Menelaus and Helen <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Acheans, Argives = Greeks

<span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">__Three Important themes of **the Oddyssey ~**__ **ANOTHER QUIZ QUESTION**


 * 1) <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px;">Hospitality
 * 2) <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px;">Loyalty
 * 3) <span style="font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; letter-spacing: 0px;">Devotion to the gods